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Clinical features

Last reviewed dd mmm yyyy. Last edited dd mmm yyyy

Authoring team

The clinical picture varies widely according to the degree of tumour cell infiltration and the effects of IgM.

Commonly encountered features may include:

  • peak incidence at age 60 - 70 years; slight preponderance for males
  • usually present with fatigue related to anaemia
  • serum hyperviscosity - causing mucosal and gastrointestinal bleeding, and retinal haemorrhage; due to engorged vessels and platelet dysfunction
  • purpura
  • hepatosplenomegaly and lymphadenopathy (rare in multiple myeloma)
  • bone involvement is rare
  • neurologic symptoms - alterations in consciousness, peripheral neuropathy, visual disturbance
  • nausea and vertigo

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