This is a peptide that is found in appreciable quantities in the intestines. It is a chemical mediator in the myenteric reflex and is responsible for producing the axon reflex (released from the peripheral ends of primary afferent neurones).
If it is injected subcutaneously it produces vasodilatation.
Substance P is also found in the spinal cord, hypothalamus and the substantia nigra. Its major function appears to be modification of pain as impulses are transmitted through the dorsal roots, substantia gelatinosa and the spino- thalamic tract.
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